Typical parts for a Desktop computer (tower, not peripherals)
Typically to get started you are going to need several parts CPU also known as a processor, central processing unit (made of an algorythmic unit and a logical unit. motherboard (connects to all other chips) Heatsink or liquid cooler for cpu if it is not packed in with the processor Case, tower. Tower fans for the case and to go over the cpu heatsink if they were not bundled. make sure that the fan sizes match the case (larger fans are typically quieter when operating) *Ram which must be compatible with the mobo (determined by clock rate) *PSU sufficient to power your mobo, cpu, and other devices (optical drives, hdd, sound cards, gpus) be especially careful considering out the capacity of the 12v rail (cpu and gpu use it heavily) graphic cards Hard Disk Drive or Solid State drives Optical drive if needed Sound card if desired(higher quality dedicated audio) Because cases are available in several standard form factor such as atx btx, pico and micro it is important